The national park of Lauca is the zone of the Andean high plateau whose we find the equivalent only in Tibet. The Andes cordillera divides into two branches in Peru, which are met again in the south of the Atacama desert. The space located between the two cordilleras filled little by little with lava and especially with ashes coming from many volcanos, sediments coming from erosion and sand. The water blocked by the cordilleras forms lagoons, lakes, salars and outcrops of water (bofedales).